Summary: When extreme events and hazards occur, the capacity of communications services may decrease even as demand for the services increase. Communities may choose to identify desired levels of resilience for their communications infrastructure.

Summary: Incorporating resilience for buildings and infrastructure into existing community plans can lower risk across a range of sectors.

Summary: Parks, open spaces, and trees within cities provide ecosystem services and shady places to relax. City planners are finding ways to enhance natural systems so that they can support climate adaptation and resilience.

Summary: The safety, reliability, and sustainability of transportation infrastructure in U.S. cities is threatened by a range of climate change impacts. Cities can build resilience by bolstering existing infrastructure and planning ahead for new conditions in the coming decades.

Summary: Communities use planning and zoning to design their physical and social environments. Applying these same tools to address climate vulnerabilities can help them build resilience.

Summary: In urban settings, neighborhoods with low socioeconomic status have some of the highest needs for climate adaptation and resilience-building efforts. Applying the concept of social equity to these efforts can help ensure that all communities are involved.

Summary: City sewer systems that collect and deliver wastewater and/or stormwater to treatment facilities improve public health and keep our waterways clean. Observed increases in heavy precipitation and other extreme events can threaten these systems.

Summary: Extreme weather- and climate-related events can stress or overwhelm power generation capacity or disrupt energy distribution. In cities, reduced access to energy can trigger cascading impacts that interrupt critical services.

Summary: Integrating the concept of resilience into disaster planning can help communities prepare for a range of hazards. After a disaster, communities can rebuild with a greater level of resilience for future conditions.

Summary: The increased frequency of some extreme weather events and expected changes in "everyday" climate conditions may present a challenge to older buildings and infrastructure. Bolstering outdated structures and implementing updated building codes may help reduce vulnerabilities.