1. Thank you so much for the illuminating the El-Nino and La Nina phenomena. Is there a deeper root cause to these phenomena or it is just chaotic? 1. I looked at the page you referenced for what is "average" ocean surface temperature during October November range and I got the impression that the temperature average during 30 years preceded 2005 are warmer than the 30 years preceded 2010. This is in conflict to the global warming concept. Isn't that right? Thank you Shmuel