the 46th consecutive summer with global temperatures nominally above the 20th-century average in the Northern Hemisphere. The Southern Hemisphere winter temperature also ranked warmest on record, and ...

done from this tool. And it is engaging. Great tool for exploring relationships among ocean, atmosphere, land, cryosphere, climate (e.g. precipitation and vegetation) if images are viewed side by side ...

of the Arctic. Younger, thinner ice permits more heat to escape from the ocean water into the atmosphere, raising Arctic air temperatures. It is also more easily fragmented and less able to dampen wav ...

later!). Of course, ENSO wouldn't be ENSO without the coupling between the ocean and the atmosphere. In January, La Niña's expected relationship—cooler-than-average ocean surface and a stronger-than-a ...

for the entire planet, as opposed to specific regions. Coupled models mean that the atmosphere, ocean, land, and cryosphere all interact in the model. And dynamical means that the model uses complex p ...

polar vortex with the polar jet stream, but the two are in completely separate layers of the atmosphere. The polar jet stream occurs in the troposphere, at altitudes between 5-9 miles above the surfac ...

reason behind the increased chances for an active season are the continued expectation that atmosphere and ocean conditions will be conducive for hurricane development—warm waters and low wind shear—t ...

Culebra, on a small island east of Puerto Rico's main island, could tell that Playa Tamarindo was in trouble. The coral habitats located within an easy swim of their popular beach were showing signs o ...

transportation infrastructure. The study identified innovative approaches for using climate data in transportation vulnerability assessments, consistent strategies for evaluating vulnerability and ada ...

in the Earth system, from land to oceans to clouds and, especially, by the gases in the atmosphere. Everything from sea ice concentrations, to plant productivity on land and in the oceans, to the stre ...