Record-breaking heat waves hit the Southwest during July.

How cool does it usually get overnight during this month? Based on daily observations from 1991-2020, colors on the map show the long-term average minimum temperature, sometimes referred to as “the overnight low,” in 5x5 km grid cells for the month displayed. The map reveals the average of overnight low temperatures during the month over the previous three decades.

What is the long-term average temperature for this month? Based on daily observations from 1991-2020, colors on the map show the long-term average mean temperature in 5x5 km grid cells for the month displayed. The maps show mean temperatures—the arithmetic average between the highest and lowest temperature in a 24-hour period—averaged together over the month for the previous three decades.

How warm do afternoons usually get during this month? Based on daily observations from 1991-2020, colors on the map show the long-term average maximum temperature, sometimes referred to as the daytime or afternoon high, in 5x5 km grid cells for the month displayed. The map reveals the average of daytime high temperatures during the month over the previous three decades.

Accurate hurricane track and intensity forecasts are crucial for early preparation, but hurricane models have trade offs. High-resolution models improve hurricane intensity prediction than low-resolution models, but the high-resolution models are more prone to errors.

A new fire emissions inventory, providing publicly available data on trace gases and aerosols from global fires for the years 2002 through 2021, add improvements to previous inventory.

For over 20 years, a fleet of almost 4,000 Argo floats have measured ocean temperature and salinity across the globe. The eventual plan calls for floats to be evenly spaced across the global oceans, but a new study examines whether uniform spacing is the most effective float configuration.

Concern over the ongoing marine heat wave across South Florida and the surrounding region led NOAA scientists to check on Cheeca Rocks, an inshore reef within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Scientists visited on July 31 and August 1, 2023, and what they found was bleak.

How much rain and snow usually fall this month? Based on daily observations from 1991-2020, colors on the map show long-term average precipitation totals in 5x5 km grid cells for the month displayed. The darker the color, the higher the total precipitation.

The 120-day Tropical Pacific Observing System (TPOS) 2023 Saildrone Mission officially began on June 22, 2023, just after the official start of what experts suggest may be a strong El Niño.